study of thermodynamics

Fire or ice how will our universe end?

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Before the discovery of Dark Energy cosmologists had two models of how the universe’s expansion would end. In first scenario, there would be enough matter in the universe to slow the expansion to the point it would come to a halt and gravitational forces would  cause it to begin contracting which eventually would result in … Read more

Dark Energy in four spatial dimensions

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In 1998 a force called Dark Energy was discovered when the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) found that, a long time ago, the Universe was actually expanding more slowly than it is today.  In other words its expansion has not been slowing due to gravity, as everyone thought, it has been accelerating. Since then several different … Read more