The Geometry of the Strong Force

Quantum Chromodynamics a subset of the Standard Model of Particle Physics gives a very accurate mathematical description of the strong force that hold quarks together in protons and neutrons in terms of a gauge theory with the symmetry group of SU(3). However it does not define how that force physically interacts with them to do … Read more

Integrating the Standard Model into Einstein’s gravitational theory

The Higgs Boson which was tentatively confirmed to exist on 14 March 2013 appears to confirm the existence of the Higgs field.  Its discovery is pivotal to the Standard Model and other theories within particle physics because it explains, in terms of an asymmetry created by it why some fundamental particles have mass when the … Read more

Mass from first principles

Bohr summarized the complementary principal of quantum mechanics as follows: “However far the quantum physical phenomena transcend the scope of classical physical explanation, the account of all evidence must be expressed in classical terms. The argument is simply that by the word “experiment” we refer to a situation where we can tell others what we … Read more

The Mysticism of a non-dimensional particle

Scientist especially physicists should always remember that describing reality is different from defining it because history has shown that it is possible to accurately define or quantify an environment in terms of the mystical properties of a non-existent entity. In other words even though one can find equations to accurately quantify or define an environment … Read more

The physicality of the Higgs fields

For the past 50 years, the Standard Model of Particle Physics has given us a complete mathematical description of the particles and forces that shape our world.  It predicts with so much accuracy the microscopic properties of particles and the macroscopic ones of stars and galaxies that many physicists feel that it is the ultimate … Read more