Why does space exist?

The Standard Model of Particle Physics and Quantum Mechanics give us a plausible reason why particles are what they are while Einstein theories give a reasonable answer to the question regarding why they come together to form planets stars and how they move in relation to each other. For example both Einstein’s General Theory of … Read more

Mass from first principles

Bohr summarized the complementary principal of quantum mechanics as follows: “However far the quantum physical phenomena transcend the scope of classical physical explanation, the account of all evidence must be expressed in classical terms. The argument is simply that by the word “experiment” we refer to a situation where we can tell others what we … Read more

The Mysticism of a non-dimensional particle

Scientist especially physicists should always remember that describing reality is different from defining it because history has shown that it is possible to accurately define or quantify an environment in terms of the mystical properties of a non-existent entity. In other words even though one can find equations to accurately quantify or define an environment … Read more

A quantum of space-time

Both Einstein’s General and Special Theories of Relativity define macroscopic properties of energy/mass in terms of the continuous properties of four dimensional space-time while quantum mechanics defines its microscopic properties in terms of the discontinuous properties of three-dimensional space.  However finding a way of conceptually integrating them has proven to be extremely difficult for two … Read more

The physicality of the Higgs fields

For the past 50 years, the Standard Model of Particle Physics has given us a complete mathematical description of the particles and forces that shape our world.  It predicts with so much accuracy the microscopic properties of particles and the macroscopic ones of stars and galaxies that many physicists feel that it is the ultimate … Read more