The following excerpt from NASA’s in its Astrophysics web site Dark Energy describes what we do and don’t know about Dark Energy. “More is unknown about it than is known. We know how much dark energy there is because we know how it affects the Universe’s expansion. Other than that, it is a complete mystery. … Read more
History has shown that science cannot save a theoretical model that does not reflect the “reality” of current observations by randomly adding new parameters. For example when the geocentric model of planetary motion was first proposed it was a good fit to the observational data available at the time. However it became necessary to modify … Read more
One of the most fundamental questions in physics and cosmology is why the physical constants are what they are. For example the fine structure constant is one of the about 22 empirical parameters in the Standard Model of particle physics, whose value is not determined within it. In other words their values are not determined … Read more
History has shown the advantages to reformulating or expanding an existing theory or law to a wider environment. For example Kepler’s Laws are wonderful as a description of the motions of the planets. However, they provide no explanation of why the planets move in that way. Moreover, Kepler’s Third Law only works for planets orbiting … Read more
Before the discovery of Dark Energy cosmologists had two models of how the universe’s expansion would end. In first scenario, there would be enough matter in the universe to slow the expansion to the point where, like the baseball, it would come to a halt and the gravitational forces associated with it would result in … Read more