curvature of space-time

The story of life in four spatial dimensions.

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One of the most puzzling questions in modern cosmology is why the density of matter and energy appears to be find tuned to the value that allowed life to evolve. For example the density of mass to energy in the early universe must have been very close to a specific value to explain how stars … Read more

Dark Energy in four spatial dimensions

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In 1998 a force called Dark Energy was discovered when the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) found that, a long time ago, the Universe was actually expanding more slowly than it is today.  In other words its expansion has not been slowing due to gravity, as everyone thought, it has been accelerating. Since then several different … Read more