The geometry of quarks

We have shown throughout this blog that it is more consistent with observations to define the universe in terms of four *spatial* dimensions instead of four-dimensional space-time. The electrical properties of quarks are one of those observations. In the article “Why is energy/mass quantized?“  Oct. 4, 2007  it was shown the properties of a particle could … Read more

Quantum tunneling: a classical interpretation

We have shown throughout this blog and its companion book “The Reality of the Fourth *Spatial* Dimension” there are many theoretical advantages to defining our universe in terms of four *spatial* dimensions instead of four-dimensional space-time. One is that it would allow one understand quantum tunneling or how particles can tunnel or move through potential barriers … Read more

The Casimir effect

We have shown throughout this blog and its companion book “The Reality of the Fourth *Spatial* Dimension” that observations of our environment indicate that the universe is composed of four *spatial* dimensions instead of four-dimensional space-time and a vacuum contains a measurable quantity of continuous non-quantized field of mass/energy. One of these observations is called the … Read more

Incorporating electromagnetism into General and Spatial Relativity

Einstein, in his theory of relativity derived the force of gravity in terms of the geometry of space and time.  Unfortunately he was unable describe the other forces in nature, above all the force of electromagnetism, in same terms, as was documented by the American Institute of Physics. “From before 1920 until his death in … Read more

Debunking the simultaneous wave particle assumption of quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics derives the results of particle in terms of a probabilistic interaction of its wave and particle components by assuming they must exist in all possible states simultaneously before a measurement it taken. This contradicts the assumptions of classical physics that objects cannot exist in simultaneously  in two different states at the same time. … Read more