We have shown throughout "The Imagineer’s Chronicles" that observations of our environment suggest that the universe is made up of a continuous non-quantized form of mass and four *spatial* dimensions instead of four-dimensional space-time.

However, many scientists assume that all mass is quantized or made up of particles in part because of the success modern quantum theories have had in predicting and explaining the observable properties of mass.

 

Quantum Mechanics

But as was pointed out in the article "What is Dark Matter?" Sept 10, 2007 there are several observations of our environment that would seem to contradict that assumption.

However, what is even more damaging to the assumption that all mass is quantized is the fact the existence of a continuous non-quantized form would enable theoreticians to derive the quantum properties of mass in terms of a Classical Newtonian resonant system.

In an earlier article "The Photon: a matter wave?" Sept 27, 2007 it was shown the wave characteristics of a photon could be explained and predicted in terms of a matter wave in a continuous non-quantized form of mass moving on a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension.

However, it can be shown that a matter wave on a "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension would generate a classically resonating system or “structure” which is responsible for the quantum properties of all other particles. 

There are four conditions required for resonance to occur in a classical Newtonian environment, an object, or substance with a natural frequency, a forcing function at the same frequency as the natural frequency, the lack of a damping frequency and the ability for the substance to oscillate spatial.

(In a latter article "The geometry of quarks" it will be shown how and why quarks join together to form these resonant systems in terms of the geometry of four *spatial* dimensions.)

The existence of four *spatial* dimensions would give a continuous non-quantized mass component of space the ability to oscillate spatially on a "surface" between a third and fourth *spatial* dimensions thereby fulfilling one of the requirements for classical resonance to occur.

These oscillations would be caused by an event such as the decay of a subatomic particle or the shifting of an electron in an atomic orbital.  This would force the "surface" of a three-dimensional space manifold with respect to a fourth *spatial* dimension to oscillate with the frequency associated with the energy of that event.

However, these oscillations in a continuous non-quantized form of mass caused by such an event could generate a resonant system or "structure" to be established in a continuous non-quantized form of mass.  These resonant systems are known as particles.

The suggests the mass of a particle is not the result of its wave properties but the fact that it generates a resonant system in a continuous non-quantized form of mass which would cause the relative density of a continuous non-quantized form of mass to be greater in volumes it occupies relative to the adjacent volumes.  This increase in the relative density of a continuous non-quantized form of mass is the causality of a particle’s mass.

The only way to dampen the frequency of a classically resonating system is to add or remove energy from that system which results in changing the characteristics of that system.  If energy is added or removed from a classically resonating system the characteristics of that system does not change.

Additionally the magnitude of energy of a classically resonating system is discontinuous and cannot only take on the discrete values associated with its fundamental or a harmonic of its fundamental frequency.

However, these properties of a classically resonating system are the same as those found in a quantum particle in that they are made up of discreet or discontinuous packets of mass/energy and when energy is either added or removed from it, its characteristics changed. 

However, it also defines a mechanism in terms of classical mechanics for the probability functions, Planck’s constant and the uncertainty principal of Quantum Mechanics.  There would be an inherent uncertainty in one’s ability to define the exact position or momentum of a particle because it is distributed over the finite volume associated with the wavelength of its resonant frequency.  Therefore, one could only define its specific position or momentum in terms of a probability related where relative to its wavelength an observation is made.  A classical interpretation of Planck’s constant would  be that it defines magnitude of the incremental energy deference between harmonics of the resonant frequency of a continuous non-quantized form of mass with respect to four *spatial* dimensions.

The reasons why quantum mechanics must rely on probably functions to define the interactions of particles is because they are composed of waves that do not have a ridged structure.  Therefore, because their wave components vary with time one can only define their interactions in terms of a probably function related to how their time vary wave components would interact.

The electron diffraction observed by Davisson and Germer confirmed that all particles are composed of an oscillating medium and therefore could be defined in terms of a resonant relationship.  The boundaries of these resonant "structures" formed by these oscillations would define the spatial volume of particles and the quantity of a continuous non-quantized form of mass they contain would define their mass.

This shows that it is possible to logically and consistently explain and predict the properties of particle in a microscopic environment in terms of a resonate system in a continuous non-quantized form of mass and four *spatial* dimensions which obeys the laws of classical resonance in a macroscopic environment.

These arguments would not be valid in a universe consisting of four dimensional space-time because time is only observed to move in one direction forward and therefore would not support the bi-directional or oscillatory movement of a continuous non-quantized form of mass required to establish a classically resonating system

Later Jeff

The "Shadows" of four spatial dimensions

Copyright 2007 Jeffrey O’Callaghan



7 Comments to “Why is mass and energy quantized?”


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